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Transmission of Diseases

Thursday October 19, 2023 - 11:00 to 12:00

Room: South Seas Ballroom A/B

P6.2 Causes of clinical contraindication in potential deceased organ donors in the United Arab Emirates

Reginaldo Carlos Boni, United Arab Emirates

Consultant
Emirates Organ and Tissue Center
Seha Kidney Center

Abstract

Causes of clinical contraindication in potential deceased organ donors in the United Arab Emirates

REGINALDO BONI1, Ali Obaidli2, Marti Manyalich1, Eduardo Sousa1, Zeljka Gavranovic1, Mauricio Galvao1, Brian Alvarez1, Ayman Ibrahim2, Lina Haddadin2, Fatima Ibrahim2, Maria Paula Gomez3, Richard Pietroski1.

1Donation and Transplantation Institute , DTI Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; 2Emirates Ongan and Tissue Center, Abu Dhabi Health Services Co. , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; 3UAE National Transplant Committee, UAE Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Introduction: Over the years, there have been varying numbers of clinical contraindications in potential deceased donors. The rate of lost donors has decreased as a result of improved management of potential donors, the option for recipients to continue receiving therapy for some diseases, and a better understanding of how cancer is transmitted, as well as management to prevent loss due to multiorgan failure. Organ donation clinical contraindications can be grouped into four main categories: 1) Serological causes; 2) Infectious (Bacterial, Fungal, Protozoal, Prions) causes; 3) Cancer; and 4) Biological risk for transmission of infectious diseases and cancers.
Methodology: From January 1st to December 31st of 2022, potential donors received by the Emirates Organ and Tissue Center were taken into consideration for the evaluation of clinical contraindications. The following were assessed: age, gender, cause of death, clinical contraindication for organ donation, and the percentage of lost potential donors due to contraindications. Four categories of contraindications were assessed: 1) Infectious, 2) Cancer, 3) Multiorgan Failure, and 4) Biological Risk of Transmission of Infectious Diseases and Cancer.
Results:
Out of the 275 Potential Deceased Donors in total, 52 were rejected because of clinical contraindications. Therefore, the refusal rate was 19%. The average age was 45 years old (0.2 -91). 28 men (Age average: 42.7 years) and 24 women (Age average: 45.7 years). Cause of death: 1) Anoxic Encephalopathy: 18 cases; Central Nervous System Tumours: 11 cases; Cerebral Haemorrhage: 17cases; Cerebral Abscess: 1 case; Viral Meningitis: 2 cases; and Strokes: 3 cases. Clinical contraindication causes: 1) Infection: 16 cases  (Active COVID infection (4), active tuberculosis (1), uncontrolled sepsis (5), fungemia (3), viral meningitis (1), and endocarditis (2); Cancer disease:  28 cases (Myeloma (1), brain tumors (11), Leukaemia (2), Cervical tumors (3), Breast cancer (2), Lymphoma (4), Osteosarcoma (1), Lung cancer (2), Colon cancer (1), Testicular cancer (1) and, multiorgan failure was the cause for refusal in 8 cases. 
Conclusion: Out of the 52 clinical contraindications in this series, 28 were caused by cancer, and brain tumours were more frequent (11 cases). Tumors were one of the major causes of these contraindications. The second most common cause of loss was Infection, including cases of COVID-19 as an active illness. The Multiorgan failure was the third cause of loss. Initially, the 19% rate of clinical contraindication seemed high to us. But on the other hand, it reflects the outcome of a thorough clinical evaluation, minimizing the risk of transmission of infectious diseases, cancers, and other causes that would compromise the functioning of the transplanted organs in the recipients.

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